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Wildlife Guide · Africa & Asia

Fin Whale

Balaenoptera physalus

The sleek greyhound of the seas

IUCN: Vulnerable
Fin whale surfacing with asymmetric jaw in cold ocean waters

Image: Photo: ILA-boy, Modification based on Image:Streamlines around a NACA 0012.svg by User:Michael Belisle / Wikimedia Commons (Public domain)

In brief

The fin whale is the second-largest animal on Earth after the blue whale, reaching 25 m (82 ft) and 70 tonnes with an asymmetric jaw colouring. A fast baleen whale capable of 40 km/h bursts, it filters krill and small fish and is listed Vulnerable after decades of commercial whaling.

By the WARN Research & Conservation TeamChecked against IUCN Red List & CITES sourcesLast updated

The fin whale is the second-largest animal on Earth after the blue whale, reaching 25 m (82 ft) and 70 tonnes with an asymmetric jaw colouring. A fast baleen whale capable of 40 km/h bursts, it filters krill and small fish and is listed Vulnerable after decades of commercial whaling.

22 m

Typical length

50000 kg

Typical weight

40 km/h

Top speed

85 yrs

Lifespan

Figures sourced from Wikipedia — Fin Whale, Wikidata — Fin Whale .

Fin Whale: Quick Facts

Vital statistics and key facts about the Fin Whale
Scientific name Balaenoptera physalus
Diet Carnivore — krill, small fish, and copepods (filter feeder)
Habitat Open oceans worldwide; migrates between feeding and breeding areas
Lifespan 80–90 years
Weight Up to 70,000 kg (154,000 lb)
Top speed Up to 40 km/h (25 mph); called the 'greyhound of the sea'
Conservation status Vulnerable (IUCN)

Scientific Classification

Scientific classification of the Fin Whale
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Class Mammalia
Order Artiodactyla
Family Balaenopteridae
Genus Balaenoptera

Conservation Status

IUCN Status
Vulnerable (IUCN Red List category)
Population
Global population not compiled for this guide
Trend
See the IUCN Red List assessment
Assessed
See the IUCN Red List assessment
CITES
See CITES appendices

Conservation figures are drawn from the IUCN Red List and CITES; this guide links to the authoritative sources rather than restating population counts.

Key Facts: Fin Whale

  • Fin whales gulp enormous mouthfuls of water and strain krill and fish through baleen plates — keratin fringes hanging from the upper jaw.
  • The right lower jaw is white, the left dark — a unique asymmetry whose function is debated, possibly related to corralling prey while swimming on their side.
  • Fin whales migrate between high-latitude feeding grounds and lower-latitude breeding areas.

Filter feeding at scale

Fin whales gulp enormous mouthfuls of water and strain krill and fish through baleen plates — keratin fringes hanging from the upper jaw. They lunge-feed in productive upwellings and may cooperate loosely to concentrate prey.


Asymmetric coloration

The right lower jaw is white, the left dark — a unique asymmetry whose function is debated, possibly related to corralling prey while swimming on their side. A prominent dorsal fin set far back gives a sleek profile unlike blue whales.


Migration and song

Fin whales migrate between high-latitude feeding grounds and lower-latitude breeding areas. Their low-frequency vocalisations carry hundreds of kilometres underwater and may help navigation or mate finding across ocean basins.


Recovery from whaling

Industrial whaling decimated fin whales in the 20th century. Listed Vulnerable, populations are increasing in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean where hunting has largely ceased, but ship strikes and entanglement remain significant threats.

What WARN Does

WARN does not run a dedicated fin whale programme — this guide is part of the World Animal Rescue Network's free educational library. The fin whale faces documented conservation pressure in the wild, which is why clear, sourced public information about it matters. Building public understanding of species like the fin whale supports the broader conservation awareness that underpins WARN's partner-led rescue work across its network.

If clear, science-based wildlife guides like this help you understand and value animals, please consider supporting the World Animal Rescue Network's educational and rescue work so we can keep producing them.

Fin Whale: Frequently Asked Questions

How big is a fin whale?

Up to about 25 m and 70 tonnes — second only to the blue whale among all animals.

Fin whale vs blue whale?

Blue whales are larger with a mottled blue-grey body and small dorsal fin. Fin whales are slightly smaller, faster, with a swept-back dorsal fin and asymmetric jaw.

Why is the jaw two colours?

The white right lower jaw may help fin whales see prey when rolling to feed on their right side — though the exact reason is not fully confirmed.

Are fin whales dangerous?

Fin Whales are not generally dangerous to people. The fin whale is the second-largest animal on Earth after the blue whale, reaching 25 m (82 ft) and 70 tonnes with an asymmetric jaw colouring. Give wild individuals space and do not corner or handle them.

How long do fin whales live?

Fin Whales typically live 80–90 years. The fin whale is the second-largest animal on Earth after the blue whale, reaching 25 m (82 ft) and 70 tonnes with an asymmetric jaw colouring. Wild and captive figures can differ; use the sources listed on the guide for the underlying studies.

What do fin whales eat?

Mainly krill in cold waters and small schooling fish such as herring and sand lance, filtered through baleen.

Sources & References

Population figures, conservation status and biological facts on this page are drawn from authoritative scientific and intergovernmental sources.

Terms used on this page

Plain-English definitions, from our wildlife and conservation glossary.

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