Wildlife trafficking
Wildlife trafficking is the illegal trade of wild animals and their parts. It is one of the largest illicit industries in the world and a leading driver of biodiversity loss across Southeast Asia, Sou
Wildlife trafficking is the illegal capture, transport and sale of wild animals or their parts for pets, food, medicine, trophies or ornaments — repeatedly identified by UNODC as a transnational organised crime.
Key Facts
- Wildlife trafficking is consistently ranked among the largest illicit industries (UNODC).
- Pangolins, parrots, big cats, primates and reptiles are the most affected groups.
- Online marketplaces and social media are now primary sales channels.
- Effective response requires demand reduction, enforcement, and welfare-first rescue.
- WARN's planned anti-trafficking programme covers Southeast Asia, Pakistan, and East Africa.
What counts as wildlife trafficking?
Trafficking covers the capture, transit, sale and possession of wild animals or their parts outside what national or international law permits. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) is the main international framework. CITES Appendix I species cannot be commercially traded; Appendix II species require legal-origin paperwork.
Why is it so widespread?
Profit margins rival narcotics and weapons trafficking. Enforcement is under-resourced, penalties are often weak, and the supply chain — from rural trappers to international buyers — is highly fragmented. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated scrutiny of the live-animal trade but has not significantly reduced volumes.
How does rescue and welfare work fit in?
Most wildlife seized in raids is alive, injured, or stressed. Without specialist veterinary care, sanctuary placement, or release planning, seized animals die in custody — undermining enforcement. WARN's planned programme focuses on this welfare gap: triage, rehabilitation, and lifetime sanctuary care for animals that cannot return to the wild.
